Luteolin can selectively inhibit the fatty acid synthase activity in prostate cancer and breast canc

Luteolin can selectively inhibit the fatty acid synthase activity in prostate cancer and breast cancer cells, which is related to the inhibitory effect of luteolin on tumor cell growth and apoptosis. Luteolin can significantly reduce the incidence of colon cancer and the size of tumor caused by dimethylhydrazine, which may be related to the regulation of lipid peroxidation, antioxidation, and antiproliferative effect.

The anti-inflammatory activity of luteolin is related to the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) and other inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) generation and inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphorylation and nuclear transcription factor KB (NF-KB)-mediated gene expression.

Luteolin can enhance the transfer of synapses in the hippocampus dentate gyrus, causing long-term potentiation. Moreover, in chronic hypoperfusion injury caused by vascular occlusion, luteolin can still protect synapses, causing long-term potentiation, and reduce the escape latency in the Morris water maze test in rats.

Luteolin can reduce the degree of hepatic fibrosis, hydroxyproline level in liver tissues (HYP), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and mRNA expression of procollagen type I and inhibit hepatic stellate cell (HSC) proliferation and collagen synthesis in vitro. Luteolin can also improve the histological changes of pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin, reduce the lung weight index, significantly reduce the increase in MDA and HYP, and inhibit the level of mRNA of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) in lung tissue. Luteolin in vitro can inhibit the proliferation of human embryonic lung fibroblast cells and promote apoptosis .